VGM music is usually logged using an emulator that can capture instructions sent to an audio chip. The vast majority of 8 and bit video game consoles, home computers, and arcade cabinets can have their music logged into VGM format.
Any of the three formats are acceptable on this site, though vgm7z is preferred. The second method compresses much better than the first, but isn't as widely supported. However, ValleyBell developed a program named vgmlpfnd which finds loops, though it cannot be used with games that have strange sound drivers. It also doesn't include any meta data or unused portions of the original. This means it doesn't retain any of the original looping information so each song must be timed by hand. Only the processed data is recorded, not the original files and code. While this method bypasses having to decipher the countless custom methods for storing and playing video game music that developers have thought up over the years, it is not without its share of problems.
To use a piano metaphor, VGM doesn't copy the sheet music, and it doesn't record the played music with a microphone, rather it records the motions made by the hands of the pianist. Since VGM logs the instructions sent to an audio chip, playback can be made simply by sending the log to an actual chip or a emulated chip, which will yield identical sound as the game. Because of this, it has become the de facto standard format for retro video game music. The Video Game Music format logs the audio instructions sent to a wide variety of audio chips used in 8 and bit video game consoles, arcade consoles, home computers, and even pinball machines.
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